科学堂前面曾经向大家提供过超酷水晶风格化学容器电脑图标png下载，今天科学堂要向大家介绍Ricardo Vidal带来的非常漂亮的四个系列科学小图标：

一、四种不同颜色培养皿小图标

点击下载

二、三种不同颜色的烧杯

ADVICE ON BEING A GRADUATE STUDENT

John Thompson’s On Being a Successful Student in the Sciences – REQUIRED READING (PDF) 

Steve Stearns classic “Modest Advice” article (PDF)

Ray Huey’s reply to the Stearns article (PDF)

Phil Acre’s Networking on the Network: a guide to professional skills for PhD students (HTML)

Isaak and Hubert’s BioScience article, Catalyzing the transition from student to scientist (PDF)

Carmen Wong’s Preparing for the field season in BESA (PDF)

NSF DDIGS AND GRANT WRITING

David Skelly’s 2003 BESA article on writing a successful DDIG (PDF)

Spencer and Leonie’s observations of successful and unsuccessful DDIGs (PDF)

Link to advice on “Broader Impacts” from NSF itself (PDF)

Deneb Karentz’s 2006 Tips for proposal writing (PDF) 

Marissa Backett’s list of funding agencies for ecologists (HTML) 

ADVICE ON GETTING A FACULTY JOB OR OTHER KINDS OF JOBS

Faculty jobs:

Anurag Agrawal’s excellent guide (PDF)

Armin Moczek’s equally excellent guide (PDF) 

Brian Inouye et al.’s interview guide (2006 BESA), mostly questions to ask during interviews (PDF)

Alan Tessier’s thoughts on the socio-intellectual side of interviewing (PDF)

Advice on keeping your faculty job from Phil Stoddard at FIU (PDF)

Spencer and Leonie’s advice on “Making the Shortlist” (PDF) 

Bradbury et al.’s “B&B Primer on first job haggling  (PDF) 

HHMI’s Making the right moves: a practical guide for scientific management for post-docs and new faculty (PDF)

An NCEAS compilation on early career advice (PDF) 

So many others on Marissa Baskett’s fantastic page – you must visit it (HMTL) 

Postdocs:

Bourne and Friedberg’s 10 Simple rules for selecting a post-doc (PDF)

HHMI’s Making the right moves: a practical guide for scientific management for post-docs and new faculty (PDF)   

General:

Thoughts on academic vs. other types of jobs for PhDs (PDF)

Phil Acre’s Networking on the Network: a guide to professional skills for PhD students (HTML)

HHMI’s Making the right moves: a practical guide for scientific management for post-docs and new faculty (PDF)  

ADVICE ON GOOD WRITING

Ken Lertzman’s Notes on writing papers and theses (PDF)

Chris Harley et al.’s 2004 Scientific writing and publishing — a guide for students in Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. (PDF)

A how-to guide on scientific writing from Bates College (HTML)

L.B. Railsback’s Comments on good writing and editing, from a geological perspective (HTML)

Good writing from William Wells in JCB (PDF)

Steve Ellner’s notes on successful theory papers (PDF)

Greg Demas’ Elements of style in science (PDF)

Kaj Sand-Jensen’s “How to write consistently boring scientific literature” in Oikos (PDF) 

George Orwell’s classic on politics and the English language (PDF)  

ADVICE ON GOOD TALKS AND POSTERS

Talks

Lynda Delph and Curt Lively’s (Indiana U) Notes for giving good talks (PDF) 

Jamie Smith, Judith Myers, and Isla Myer Smith’s 2007 Tips for effective communication in Ecology, in Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. (PDF)

Lawrences Bragg’s 1966 The art of talkiing about science in Science (PDF)

Martin Köchy’s 2004 Things That Can Go Wrong with Powerpoint Presentations in Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. (PDF)

John Cairns Jr.’s 1989 Speaking at length in BioScience (PDF)

Simon L. Peyton Jones et al.’s 1993 How to give a good research talk (PDF)

Mike Dahlin’s 2006 Giving a conference talk (PDF)

Simon Pickett et al.’s 1991 Strategy and checklist for effective scientific talks in Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. (PDF)

Thomas Wolcott’s Mortal sins in oral presentations or How to give a talk if you never want to talk again (HTML)

The Oceanographic Society’s 2005 “Scientifically Speaking - Tips for Preparing and Delivering Scientific Talks and Using Visual Aids” (HTML)

Melissa Hine’s Scientific presentation skills (PDF)

A list of more resources selected by the DIALOG group (HTML)

And even more resources on Marissa Baskett’s page (HTML) 

Posters

Thomas Wolcott’s Mortal sins in poster presentations or How to give a poster no one remembers (HTML)

Steven Block’s 1996 Do’s and dont’s of poster presentation in Biophysical Journal (PDF)

Collin Purrington’s Advice on designing scientific posters (HTML)

GUIDES/THOUGHTS ON AUTHORSHIP

Carlos Galindo-Leal’s article in the Bulletin of the ESA (PDF)

Jake Weltzin et al.’s 2006 article on authorship in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment (PDF)

Kathy Barker’s 2002 Accountability and authorship in Science (HMTL)

 TEACHING

Karen Wilson and Stephanie Hampton’s 2004 Ecology teaching tips for first-year professors in Bull. Ecol. Soc. Amer. (PDF) 

OTHER PEOPLE’S PAGES FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS

Marissa Baskett’s (UCSD) fabulous resource page – you must visit this page (HTML)

Dan Horn’s warehouse of general advice from Ann Arbor – some targeted more for Michigan students (HTML)

Ronald T. Azuma’s guide for computer science grads (still great stuff for Biologists) (HTML)

来源：唐小卿的博客

ENGLISH FOR SCIENTIFIC PURPOSES –GUIDE TO ACADEMIC WRITING COMBINATORY DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC USAGE

这是一本俄罗斯人写作的书，专门指导非英语母语国家的科研人员写作英文学术论文。目录如下： 
I. TEXT ORGANIZATION: THE STRUCTURE OF THE ARTICLE 13 
1. Introduction:
2. Compositional formulas
3. References to authors and bibliography
4. Data analysis
5. Discussion
6. Conclusion/ Concluding remarks
7. Appendix

II. REASONING, ARGUING, INFERRING, DESCRIBING:
8. Emphasis; Operators: Intensifies; Moderators; Emphatic, attitudes, qualification, quantification, operators, deictics,
quantifiers, connectors
9. Emphasis; Impersonal constructions accounting for: Backgrounds,Focusing, Comments and intentions, Evaluating and prospecting, Choosing and stating; Arguing by negation; Arguing by inversion 10. Parenthesis; Appositive emphatic patterns accounting for: Conditions; Explaining; Comparing and inferring, Cooperating, Exemplifying, Generalizing, Succession, Thematization, Descriptions, Additions and appositions, Attitudes, Temporalia
11. Inversion; Emphatic patterns accounting for: Rhematization, Topicalization, Caution, Contrasting, Interrogating
12. Emphasis; Links and connectors accounting for: Conjuncting; Adjuncting; Correlating; Opposing; Orientating; Coordinating; 7
13. Descriptions; Temporalia: Periods and dating; Temporalia; Contemporalia; Precedentia; Modus temporalia; Frequenciesf and duration; Succession
14. Quantity descriptions: Quantities; Quantitative changes; Dimensions and distances; Evaluation; Parameters; Statistics; Quantity intensifiers; Quantification; Comparisons and estimates 67

III. TEXT COMMENTS: COMMENTING; SUMMARIZING; REVIEWING; ABSTRACTING; IMPROVING STYLE; TITLES; FURTHER READING
15. Self-comment: Self-reference; Indirect reference/ comments;Cooperating; Modalities: suppositions, opinions, proposals, caution,inferences; Dropping the subject prospecting; Extending the exposition (Human realia; Education; Computers)
16. Self-summary: Summary-lead; Summary-abstract; Summary-conclusion; Abridged examples
17. Review: Comments on the contents; Criticism; Judgments; Recommendations/ Readership
18. Resume: Models and patterns; Abridged examples
19. Annotations, Titles: Selected examples
20. Improving style: ?Style specialists recommend…?; ?Escaping jargon?; Some stylistic hints for Russian users
21. Further reading
COMBINATORY DICTIONARY OF SCIENTIFIC USAGE

点击下载：English for Scientific purposes

相信搞科研的同志和科学堂一样，电脑里储存了大量的与研究方向相关的文献。在科研过程中，你可能会想起你曾经阅读过自己拥有的某篇文献非常有用，但一时想不起该篇文献的题名，所以不得不花费大量的时间将相关的文献一一打开，去寻找你所要的文献，劳力伤神。其实，你可以利用一些相关的文献管理软件将你所拥有的文献进行系统管理，当你需要某篇文献时，你只需要在该软件输入关键词，它就会自动找出与之相关的文献。比较常用的文献管理软件有Endnote、Refviz、Quosa：

Endnote 将教你如何管理数以万计的文献，如何管理全文，如何管理阅读笔记，以及如何利用Endnote 来撰写论文，编排参考文献等。点击下载：EndNote X1

RefViz 是一个文本信息分析软件，可以根据文献标题和摘要信息进行文献分类，并指出文献间相互关系。熟练掌握这个软件，你将会轻松驾驭海量的文献信息，快速获取最重要的信息，为你提供不竭的创新思路。点击下载：ref-viz2

Quosa 是一款全文分析软件，可以自动下载全文，并对全文进行分析，还可以提取已下载的pdf 中的引文信息。下载地址：http://www.quosa.com/

以下是中国科学技术大学生命科学实验中心罗昭锋老师和韩敏义老师编写的《文献管理与文献信息分析》，比较详细地介绍了Endnote、Refviz、Quosa软件的使用方法及一些相关问题及解决方法，非常适合利用这三个软件进行文献管理与文献信息分析初学者。

内 容 概 览

Endnote
   海量文献信息的管理
   全文管理
   笔记管理
   自动编排论文或书籍的参考文献
   利用杂志全文模版撰写论文
   统计与分析
RefViz
   海量文献信息分析
   文献自动分类
   给出文献间相互联系
   发现研究前沿和热点
   1 小时把握10000 篇文献的主旨
Quosa
   PDF 全文信息分析软件
   自动下载PDF 全文
   自动追踪最新文献

点击下载

文献管理与文献信息分析

文献管理与文献信息分析课件下载地址（由中科大的罗昭锋、宁劲、张帆主讲）

http://biotech.ustc.edu.cn/forum/htm_data/8/0809/1556.html

另外：中国科技大学生命科学实验中心大型仪器论坛文献管理版块里有大量关于文献管理与文献信息分析的主题贴，初学者可以在此提问求助。

有机人名反应及机理在线阅读

介绍：该“有机人名反应”是厦门大学专门为学习基础有机化学的各类学生制作的一个计算机辅助教学(CAI)课件， 精心筛选了基础有机化学教材中经常出现的有机人名反应，从反应基本内容、 反应机理、反应实例等方面进行了较为详尽的介绍，并列出部分有关文献，以便读者查阅。是初学有机化学者的一种教学辅助资料，也可供教师和研究人员参考。 本课件可与基础有机化学教材配套使用。

点击阅读：http://chem.xmu.edu.cn/teach/yjhx/onr/contents.html

有机人名反应及机理下载

1、Organic Name Reaction–Merck version

简介：The Organic Name Reactions (ONR) section is intended to serve the professional chemist and student by describing organic chemical reactions which have come to be recognized and referred to by name within the chemistry community. A select group has been chosen for addition to this section. Each reaction description is designed to be informative and representative of the pertinent literature; however, it is not meant to be comprehensive. The descriptions are composed of the following: (1) name(s) associated with the reaction, (2) the original and/or primary contributor(s) connected with the discovery and/or development of the reaction, (3) a concise description of the transformation, (4) a reaction scheme, (5) key references, and (6) cross references to other ONR based on commonalities. The index included in this section also lists supplementary terms.

点击下载：Organic Name Reaction

2、Name Reaction A collection of detailed reaction mechanisms–2nd中文版

简介：本书由荣国斌译、 上海华东理工大学出版社于2003出版，全书共480页（原版图书信息：Jie Jack Li著；德国Springer - Verlag GmbH & Co. KG 2003年出版）。本书精选了331个有机人名反应。每个反应均给出一步一步详尽的电子转移机理和相关原始的及最新含2003年度在内的参考文献。全书列出的2740多篇参考文献中有相当部分是综述类论文，以帮助读者更好地理解和认识有机反应，同时为深入应用有机反应提供了方便。

点击下载：有机人名反应及机理

3、The comprehensive E-book of named organic reactions and their mechanisms (2nd Edition)

简介：是目前可以找到的最全的有机人名反应及机理的图书，由EIbertus Kruiswijk编写，2005出版，全书共1977页。

点击下载：The comprehensive E-book of named organic reactions and their mechanisms (2nd Edition).part1.rar

The comprehensive E-book of named organic reactions and their mechanisms (2nd Edition).part2.rar

点击下载：SCI论文全攻略

　　以下是科技部发布的全民节能减排手册：

　　前言

　　节能减排和应对气候变化已经成为我国当前经济社会发展的一项重要而紧迫的任务，国家对此高度重视。与此同时，节能减排与我们每一个公民的生活息息相关，参与节能减排也是每一位公民应尽的义务。
为推动全民参与节能减排工作，科技部组织专家开展了《全民节能减排潜力量化指标》研究。研究工作由“十一五”国家科技支撑计划“全球环境变化应对技术研究与示范”重大项目“全球环境变化人文因素的检测与分析技术研究”课题组承担，该研究成果已于近日通过了专家论证。
    该研究选取了百姓生活中衣、食、住、行、用等六个方面的36项日常行为，研究了每一项日常行为指标的节能减排潜力。日常行为指标的选取遵循以下原则：一是量大面广，二是贴近百姓生活，三是具有可操作性，四是不降低现有生活水平。研究的结果表明，个人生活点滴中的节能减排潜力巨大，如果大家都积极参与，36项日常生活行为的年节能总量约为7700万吨标准煤，相应减排二氧化碳约2亿吨，经济、社会和环境效益十分显著。
    根据这项研究成果，科技部编制了《全民节能减排手册——36项日常生活行为节能减排潜力量化指标》。希望通过这本手册的发布，向全社会宣传普及节能减排的科学知识和方法，提高全民的节能减排意识和能力，推动全民参与，提倡崇尚节约、科学文明的生活方式，形成节约资源、减少污染、保护环境的社会风气。
    科学节能，大有技巧，全民减排，贡献不小。让我们每一个公民行动起来，从我做起、从点滴着手、从现在做起、从身边做起，积极参与节能减排，为实现国家的节能减排目标作出自己的贡献，共同创造更加节约、更加洁净、更加文明的可持续的美好生活。

36项日常生活行为的节能减排潜力
一、衣
1. 少买不必要的衣服
2. 减少住宿宾馆时的床单换洗次数
3. 采用节能方式洗衣
二、食
4. 减少粮食浪费
5. 减少畜产品浪费
6. 饮酒适量
7. 减少吸烟
三、住
8. 节能装修
9. 农村住宅使用节能砖
10. 合理使用空调
11. 合理使用电风扇
12. 合理采暖
13. 农村住宅使用太阳能供暖
14. 采用节能的家庭照明方式
15. 采用节能的公共照明方式
四、行
16. 每月少开一天车
17. 以节能方式出行200公里
18. 选购小排量汽车
19. 选购混合动力汽车
20. 科学用车，注意保养
五、用
21. 用布袋取代塑料袋
22. 减少一次性筷子使用
23. 尽量少用电梯
24. 使用冰箱注意节能
25. 合理使用电脑、打印机
26. 合理使用电视机
27. 适时将电器断电
28. 合理用水
29. 用太阳能烧水
30. 采用节能方式做饭
31. 合理利用纸张
六、其他
32. 减少使用过度包装物
33. 合理回收城市生活垃圾
34. 夜间及时熄灭户外景观灯
35. 在农村推广沼气
36. 积极参加全民植树

PDF文档下载：全民节能减排手册